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| 1. | Ragam: Sankarabharanam
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| 2. | Talam: Mahalakshmi Tala (9 1/2 Beats) /Pancha Nadai Pallavi
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Jazz
Recorded July 1989
Shankar double violin, vocals
Zakir Hussain tabla
Vikku Vinayakram ghatam
Caroline talam, sruthi
* Barbara Wojirsch - Cover Design, Design
* Jan Erik Kongshaug - Engineer
* Jean-Pierre Larcher - Photography
* Manfred Eicher - Producer
As if playing one violin within the Western art music tradition wasn't difficult enough, the virtuoso L. Shankar has made it his trade to both sing and play a customized double violin within the contexts of Hindustani, Carnatic, Western, and experimental musical sensibilities. On this 1990 ECM release, Pancha Nadai Pallavi, he lays down two tracks, the first without percussion and the second in collaboration with Zakir Hussain on tabla and Vikku Vinayakram on ghatam. Caroline also accompanies the L. Shankar with the drone setting sruthi (a small one-note hand-pumped reed organ) and talam (a pair of small hand cymbals). With the first track L. Shankar performs the ragam "Sankarabharanam" (a ragam is the Carnatic equivalent to the Hindustani raga). For nearly 30 minutes he elegantly articulates an innumerable series of variations on traditional forms, melodies, and rhythms. The double violin allows him to imitate the sounds of a multi-octave string ensemble. On the CD's second cut a serpentine nine and one-half beat rhythmic cycle, the Mahalakshmi Tala, provides the temporal framework for the performance. An original creation by L. Shankar himself, this tala is realized by tabla superstar Zakir Hussain and the celebrated ghatam (clay water pot) player Vikku Vinayakram. Both of these percussive masters draw a myriad of tones and conjure up a fortified stew of rhythmic cadences from their respective instruments. In sum, Shankar's Pancha Nadai Pallavi is a smashing CD that represents virtuosic creativity and experimentation at work in both solo and collaborative contexts.
---John Vallier, All Music Guide
Lakshminarayana Shankar
Active Decades: '70s, '80s, '90s and '00s
Born: Apr 26, 1950 in Madras, India
Genre: Jazz
Styles: Dance-Pop, World Fusion, Hard Rock, Ethnic Fusion, Adult Contemporary, Worldbeat, Fusion, Pop/Rock, Post-Bop, Raga, Indian Classical, Adult Alternative Pop/Rock, Indian Pop
The musical traditions of southern India have been combined with world influences by violinist and vocalist L. Shankar (born Lakshminarayana Shankar). A founding member of influential mid-'70s Indo-Brit roots group, Shakti, with McLaughlin, Shankar continues to explore ways to bridge diverse cultures through music. In addition to solo recordings and collaborations with his composer/keyboardist wife, Caroline, and with Indian percussionists Zakir Hussein and Vikku Vunayakram, Shankar has worked with such internationally known artists as Peter Gabriel, Jan Garbarek, David Byrne, Pete Towshend, John McLaughlin, and the late Frank Zappa.
The youngest of six children, Shankar was raised in a highly respected musical family. His father, V. Lakshminarayana, studied Indian classical music, played violin, and sang. His mother, L. Sitalakshmi, played veena. Capable of humming complex lines from ancient Indian compositions by the age of three, he began studying the violin two years later and performed his first public concert at a temple in Ceylon, at the age of seven. After a long period of apprenticeship, during which he accompanied many south Indian vocalists, Shankar formed a trio with his brothers, L. Vaidyanathan and L. Subramaniam, that toured throughout India.
Moving to the United States to study ethnomusicology at Wesleyan University, Shankar sought ways to combine the musical traditions of the East and the West. His first opportunity came when he met McLaughlin, who was studying veena, an ancient Indian stringed instrument, at the Connecticut school. Striking up a friendship, the two musicians decided to form a group, Shakti. Performing their first show for a private party at South Hampton College on July 5, 1975, Shakti went on to recorded two groundbreaking albums: Handful of Beauty and Natural Elements. Inheriting the position from Jean-Luc Ponty, Shankar played electric violin for a short period with Zappa. The experience paid off as Zappa agreed to produce and contribute lyrics for his debut solo outing, Touch Me There. In addition to collaborating with Peter Gabriel on the soundtrack of the 1989 film The Last Temptation of Christ, Shankar has perfumed often with Gabriel's band, including an appearance on the Tonight Show in 2000. He joined with Bruce Springsteen, Lou Reed, Sting, and Tracy Chapman for an international tour, Human Rights Now!, sponsored by Amnesty International in 1989.
Shankar recorded three albums -- Who's To Know in 1981, Song for Everyone in 1985, and MRCS in 1991 -- with Hussein and Vinayakram. He formed a pop/rock supergroup, Sadhu, later known as the Epidemics, with Caroline, in 1982. Their two albums included such guests as Zappa, Gabriel, McLaughlin, Elton John, Eric Clapton, Phil Collins, Bruce Springsteen, Van Morrison, Yoko Ono, and Sting. Shankar has played a ten-stringed, double-necked fiddle, designed with guitar builder Ken Parker since 1980. With five strings that sound like a double bass or cello and five strings that sound like a violin or viola, the instrument gives him greater flexibility as an instrumentalist.
---Craig Harris, All Music Guide |
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